Introduction

Stress is a natural part of life, but its impact can vary greatly – sometimes pushing us to achieve more and other times leaving us feeling completely overwhelmed. For many, the negative effects of stress far outweigh its motivating benefits, making it essential to understand and address this common challenge. What exactly is stress? Where does it come from? And most importantly, how can we manage it effectively? In this article, we’ll break down the science behind stress, uncover its root causes, and share actionable tips to help you prevent and cope with its effects.

What Is Stress?

In short terms, stress is the reaction (stress response) to any kind of concrete or sensed danger (stressor) [ 1 ] [ 2 ]. Stress can further be defined by a dynamic reciprocity of three components: stressors, mediators, and manifestations. Stressors can be described as specific disruptive life event or chronic strains as for instance persistent emotional pressure. Mediators are personal coping mechanisms and social support such as relationships. Manifestations can be referred to as the consequent impact of stress on mental and physical health, such as depression, anxiety, or chronic illnesses [ 1 ]. Stress responses, while initially designed to help the body adapt, can cause harm to the body and ultimately lead to severe diseases if they persist over a long period of time [ 2 ]. It is crucial to not view stress as an isolated issue but a multifaceted process influenced by social and environmental contexts [ 1 ].

To be continued …

References

[ 1 ] Pearlin, L. I., Menaghan, E. G., Lieberman, M. A., & Mullan, J. T. (1981). The stress process. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 22(4), 337–356.

[ 2 ] Selye, H. (1956) The Stress of Life. New York: McGraw-Hill